MacGames Sampler/PHT MacGames Bundle.iso/MacSource Folder/Samples from the CD/Assembly/Mac68k/MANUAL/MAN4.DOC

Text File | 1985-08-20 | 11.5 KB | 392 lines | [TEXT/Anon]

                                                                MAC.68K





VIII.  RESOURCES REQUIRED
VIII.  RESOURCES REQUIRED
VIII.  RESOURCES REQUIRED




      MAC.68K resides on one 34K byte file. It requires file MLOAD


  to be present if an application object file is to be generated.



      MAC.68K does require disk space while it executes. It is a


  two pass assembler, but instead of reading the same source data


  for each pass it creates a temporary file during pass one that


  contains all the source lines to be processed by pass two. This


  temporary file will require .8 to 1.4 times the size of the input


  source file plus any included text files.  MAC.68K will try to


  fit this file into memory, so for small programs or on large


  memory size machines this disk space may not be required.



      INCLUDE files are loaded in entirety into memory prior to


  being processed.  Included text file sizes of 10K to 20K on a


  128K Macintosh should pose no problems. If you get a memory full


  diagnostic on an include file, one solution is to split the file


  and use two INCLUDE statements.



      For programmers writing very large programs, the following


  dynamic table sizes can be added to the static size of 52K to


  approximate the memory required for assembly.



      TABLE          Required in                Size



  SYMBOL             Pass 1   Pass 2       16 bytes per symbol


  Macro names        Pass 1   Pass 2       16 bytes per name


  Macro definition   Pass 1                Size of macro text


  Object code                 Pass 2       Size of program


  Relocation bits             Pass 2       Size of program


  (if .O generated)




      As an example of a moderate to large size program, MAC.68K


  requires 104K to assemble itself. That includes 270K of source


  data in 14 text files, two INCLUDES files, three INCLUDEH files,


  2500 symbols, and 20 macro definitions.






















MAC.68K                                  -14-



MAC.68K





IX.  STATISTIC AND ERROR MESSAGES
IX.  STATISTIC AND ERROR MESSAGES
IX.  STATISTIC AND ERROR MESSAGES




      All MAC.68K statistic and error messages are displayed on the


  console.  The first message issued by MAC.68K is its copyright


  and the version number.




  IX.1 Errors Detected In The Command Line
  IX.1 Errors Detected In The Command Line
  IX.1 Errors Detected In The Command Line




      The following errors are detected at call time.  All are


  considered fatal and will terminate the assembly. Check section I


  for the valid command line options and syntax.




  *UNKNOWN OPTION IN COMMAND LINE*


            An unknown option character followed a dash character.



  *SYNTAX ERROR IN COMMAND LINE*


            An illegal character or character sequence was detected.



  *ILLEGAL FILE NAME IN COMMAND LINE*


            An invalid file specification was given.



  *NO INPUT FILE NAME IN COMMAND LINE*


            The input file is a required parameter.



  *ILLEGAL DRIVE SPECIFICATION IN COMMAND LINE*


            A drive number other than A-P was specified on a


            file name or -F command.




  IX.2 Initialization Errors
  IX.2 Initialization Errors
  IX.2 Initialization Errors




      The following are detected during MAC.68K initialization. All


  are considered fatal and assembly is terminated.




  *UNABLE TO OPEN INPUT FILE*


            The input file name from the command line does not exist


            or is unaccessable.



  *UNABLE TO OPEN OUTPUT FILE*


            MAC.68K was unable to open the output file specified on


            the command line. Possible errors include: drive


            specified does not exist or is not online, disk is


            full, directory is full.



  *STACK OVERFLOW*


            The TPA size is too small for MAC.68K. See section VIII


            for minimum memory sizes.








                              -15-                              MAC.68K



                                                                MAC.68K





  IX.3 Pass One Messages
  IX.3 Pass One Messages
  IX.3 Pass One Messages




      MAC.68K reports no assembly errors during pass one. MAC.68K


  displays the informative message *LOADING filename* at the


  current cursor line while it is reading any of the include type


  files. At the end of pass one and prior to pass two, MAC.68K


  issues three statistic messages;  the count of source lines read,


  the count of source lines written to the intermediate file for


  pass two processing, and the count of M68000 operation and data


  source lines.



      The fatal errors causing termination in pass one are disk


  full while writing the intermediate file, symbol table full and


  memory overflow.  The following messages result:



  *DISK FULL*


            See section VIII to determine size requirements for the


            intermediate file. Delete some files from the default


            disk or use the command line option -F to place the


            intermediate file on a disk with sufficient space.



  *SYMBOL TABLE OVERFLOW*


            MAC.68K will handle at least 4200 symbols if enough


            memory is available. To handle more you must split


            your program into separate load modules.



  *PASS ONE TABLE OVERFLOW*


            See section VIII to determine pass one table space


            requirements. Your program may be too large for the


            available memory, an INCLUDE file may be too large to


            fit in available memory, or you may have an unintended


            recursion with MACRO, DUP, or INCLUDE that has filled


            up table space before hitting the MAC.68K recursion


            limit.




  IX.4 Pass Two Messages
  IX.4 Pass Two Messages
  IX.4 Pass Two Messages




  *OBJECT CODE TOO LARGE*


            The size of the resulting .68K file is too large


            to generate in the available memory space. The assembly


            will continue but no object file will be generated.



  *DISK FULL - OBJECT FILE*


            Too little room on the disk or directory to write the


            object file. The assembly will continue but no object


            file will be generated.












MAC.68K                                  -16-



MAC.68K





  *DISK FULL - PRINT FILE*


            Too little room on the disk or directory to write the


            print file. The assembly will continue but the print


            file will remain truncated.




      During pass two MAC.68K will display IDENT and END cards on


  the console.  If the operator has not enabled list generation, or


  if the listing is not being sent to the console, any line


  containing assembly errors, complete with error column pointers,


  will also be displayed.  Unless the NOPAWS option is selected,


  MAC.68K will pause when the screen is filled with error messages,


  and wait for operator input before continuing.  If any errors


  have been detected, MAC.68K will list an error directory after


  the END card but before the symbol/cross reference table.  The


  error directory will contain a one line description for each


  unique error type encountered.



      If a source line contains an error(s), the error type is


  flagged in the output listing with single character flags


  starting in the leftmost position of the source listing. Numeric


  error flags indicate a "nonfatal" error that did not prevent


  complete processing of the line. Alphabetic error flags indicate


  a "fatal" error that resulted in no processing or in partial


  processing of the source line.



      A one line text description of each error code type


  encountered in the assembly will be printed at the end of the


  program.




           Source Line Error Flags



  Type         Description  (See Appendix B for detailed descriptions)



  A            Address Field Error.



  D            Doubly Defined Symbol.



  E            INCLUDE, RMT, or MACRO was illegally nested.



  F            File Content Error.



  G            Op Code not allowed.



  L            Location Field Bad.



  M            Invalid M68000 Addressing Mode.



  N            File Name Error.



  O            Operation Field Bad.



  P            User Requested Error.



  R            Relocation Error.





                              -17-                              MAC.68K



                                                                MAC.68K





  U            Undefined Symbol.



  V            VFD Bit Count Error.



  X            File Not Found.



  Z            Zero Division.



  1            Location Field Bad.



  2            Address Error on Symbol Definition.



  3            Duplicate Macro Definition.



  4            Bad Formal Parameter Name.



  7            Address Value Exceeds Field Size.



  8            Missing or Extra Operation Subfield.



  9            String Substitution Error.








  IX.5 Completion Messages
  IX.5 Completion Messages
  IX.5 Completion Messages




  *NO OBJECT FILE GENERATED*


               Either OPTION NOOBJ was selected or the object file


               was too large.



  *ASSEMBLY ERRORS*


               The assembly is finished, but at least one error was


               detected.



  *ASSEMBLY COMPLETE*


               The assembly finished with no errors.





















MAC.68K                                  -18-



MAC.68K





X.  PSEUDO OPERATIONS
X.  PSEUDO OPERATIONS
X.  PSEUDO OPERATIONS




      In addition to operation codes that generate machine language


  object code, most assemblers provide additional operation codes


  to generate data, reserve storage, define macros, provide program


  list control, and other assembler support functions. Because


  these additional operations do not directly generate machine code


  they are known as pseudo operation codes, or pseudo ops. The


  names of the pseudo ops provided by MAC.68K and grouped by


  general function follow.




  Data               DC.B      DS.B      VFD


                     DC        DS


                     DC.L      DS.L



  Control            IDENT     ORG       EVEN


                     END       LOC



  Macro and          MACRO     LOCAL     DUP       STOPDUP


  Code Generation    MACROL    PURGE     ECHO


                     ENDM      OPSYN     ENDD



  Listing            LIST      TITLE     PAGE


                               SUBTTL    SPACE



  Conditional        IF        ELSE      IFC


                     IFS       ENDC      IFNC


                     IFxx



  Symbol             SET       MAX       QUAL      NOREF


                     EQU       MIN



  Misc               STRING    STRDEC    DEFER     ERRxx


                     STRLEN    STRHEX    HERE



  Initialization     OPTION    PAGE



  Modularization     INCLUDES  MODULE    STEXT


                     INCLUDEH  ENTRY


                     INCLUDE



  Segment            BSS       OFFSET    TEXT


                     DATA      SECTION



  Loader (CPM)       GLOBL     COMM














                              -19-                              MAC.68K


PM)       GLOBL     COMM